Aquaculture is the fastest growing and most promising sector of food production in the world, and is one of the most efficient and environmentally-friendly methods of producing high-quality protein.
In global aquaculture, a record amount of production was achieved in 2020 - 122.6 million tons worth $281.3 billion USD, including:
- 45% grown in inland water bodies;
- 55% grown in marine and coastal aquaculture facilities.
aquatic animals worth $264.8 billion
algae worth $16.5 billion
was farmed in inland waters
was farmed in marine and coastal aquaculture facilities
According to the United Nations, the development of aquaculture is one of the key activities for achieving a number of UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) adopted a roadmap for 2022-2030 to implement the “blue” transformation strategy aimed at increasing global aquaculture production by 35% by 2030.
Since 2014, the volume of aquaculture production had exceeded the volume of capture fisheries.
According to FAO forecasts, the growth of global fish production will largely be provided by marine aquaculture.
In Asia, expansion of aquaculture has led to a decrease in prices, making it increasingly accessible to low-income consumers.
In China, thanks to aquaculture, seafood consumption per capita has increased from 11 to 38 kg/year from 1990 to 2020 – it is twice the global average!
Global average consumption of seafood per capita in 2020 was 20.2 kg (FAO UN).
Aquaculture development capacity in Kazakhstan is 270 000 tons/year of commercial fish.
During 2015-2020, Kazakhstan produced 25200 tons of commercial fish, with an annual productivity increase of 12 times - from 730 tons to 9000 tons.
There are 380 fish farms in operation, including:
Within GDP of 20000-30000 USD, along with countries such as Turkey, Russia and Malaysia, Kazakhstan has the lowest consumption of seafood per capita.
In Kazakhstan:
- seafood consumption – 2,73 kg/year
- GDP (PPP) – 25363 USD
Kazakhstan's GDP exceeds the world average (17150 USD) by 1.5 times potential for developing the seafood market
Low consumption of seafood in Kazakhstan is due to:
- low production (availability)
- high prices (affordability)
- knowledgeabout seafood
- food (dietary) preferences
